A thin sheet of material, usually wood or plastic, laminated to a core of stronger and less valuable material.

Unit of electrical force or pressure. Household voltage in the United States, nominally 120 volts, varies between 110-125 volts.

The difference in voltage along a circuit. Voltage drop becomes a problem with low voltage wiring and small cable, reducing the intensity of lights at the far end of the cable.

Fixture designed to be mounted on a vertical surface, including sconces, urns, and valances.

Lighting directed on a wall or vertical surface to emphasize that plane, enhance the surface texture, or bounce light back into the room. Increasing wall brightness generally makes a room seem more spacious.

Fixture with special optics that direct light to the top of the wall and de-scallop the distribution on the wall.

Lighting a wall smoothly to reduce texture or specular reflection.

Light that is tinted red, such as candles and flame. The term “warm” relate to how we feel about the light and the time of day and season to which it relates. In general, we prefer warm light for residential and warm interior spaces, intimate atmosphere, and low-intensity illumination.

Unit of electrical power.